Students Of Success

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IT’S STILL A “JUNGLE” OUT THERE
… Or How US Beef-Industry Feeding Practices Are a Source of Concern

If you think about farmers raising cattle, you probably conjure up something like this happy cow scene: Mellow heifers quietly grazing on the lush grass of the rolling countryside, lazily swishing their tails at pesky bugs. New-born and young calves getting nourishment from the milk in their mothers’ teats. For us here at Grinning Planet, such images make us reminisce about our days in the Mu Alpha Mu fraternity, when we’d hang out at the Dairy Queen every Friday after class singing all the great milk-drinking songs.

But back to the dreamy visions of cow country. It seems there is a nightmarish underbelly here, and much of the nightmare centers on animal feed.

While it’s true that cows typically spend the first year or two of their lives grazing on pasture, there are two ugly facts about how “agribusiness” in the US feeds cows:

A baby cow does not typically feed from its mother’s teat, but rather is fed a bottled formula mix that contains (among other things) the blood of cows that have previously been slaughtered. Eww!

Once a maturing cow leaves the pasture for the feed lots, it is typically given a feed mix that contains slaughterhouse waste—parts from cows, pigs, and chickens that have been ground up, rendered, and mixed with grain or other feed stocks. Double eww!

Basically, those in the ranching and feedlot industries have turned cows—which are purely vegetarian by design—into meat-eaters, and to some extent, unwitting cannibals. Most people have a visceral negative reaction to the concept of cannibalism, even when it occurs naturally in a species. But in this case, the cows’ cannibalism is 100% at man’s insistence. Profit and pricing pressures are behind it—slaughterhouse waste is a cheap source of food for the grower’s operations.

Maybe you think serving up cow’s blood to calves and rendered slaughterhouse waste to feedlot cattle are shady, fringe practices. But such feedings are standard in the beef industry, and completely within current regulations. The beef industry has aggressively tried to quell any discussion of the issue, and they generally get full support from the US Department of Agriculture and the Food and Drug Administration.

Though “recycling” of animal slaughter waste may seem somewhat appealing from a waste-disposal perspective, the barbarity of these practices is enough to make one cringe. But there is an even worse problem with these methods. In the next Eco-Logical, we’ll talk about how Mad Cow Disease relates to these feeding practices, and we’ll offer some suggestions for finding beef that is free of freakish feeds.

Want more… See part II
http://www.grinningplanet.com/2003/judge-is-nuts/environmental-issue-24.htm

For jokes, cartoons, and more great environmental information, visit http://www.grinningplanet.com .

Copyright © 2003 by GrinningPlanet.com
You have permission to publish this article electronically or in print, free of charge, as long as the bylines are included. Must be published complete with no changes. A courtesy copy of your publication would be appreciated.

About the Author

Mark is a writer, financial analyst, web developer, environmentalist, and, as necessary, chef and janitor. Grinning Planet is an expression of Mark’s enthusiasm for all things humorous and green, as well as a psychotic desire to work himself half-to-death. Hobbies include health foods, music, getting frustrated over politics, and occasionally lecturing the TV set on how uncreative it is.

Calibration standards, performance audits, and the FDA’s
never-ending safety, labeling, and inspection requirements are
just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to dealing with the
increasingly stringent quality control standards of the beverage
industry. As these quality standards become stricter, beverage
producers are increasingly called upon to get products to market
faster using fewer resources, while simultaneously managing
ingredient quality, and ultimately, risk.

Mix rigorous regulations and mounting market challenges with
exploding competition and the opportunity for enormous economic
reward, and it becomes obvious that products must be perfect the
first time around to fulfill production requirements, comply
with distribution standards, and ultimately provide each
consumer with the exact same exceptional product every time.

All of which makes quality control more necessary than ever.

Quality Assurance in the beverage industry starts by ensuring
that top quality gases are used to perform the carbonation
process and continues through the bottling and distributing
process with a high-tech quality control examination.

On the top of the list of gases regulated in the world of drink
is carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the main components of many of
the beverages produced today, including soda, beer, sparkling
water, and sports drinks. CO2 has also become a major
constituent of orange juice through supercritical CO2 processing
during pasteurization and has even entered the world of dairy
with the addition of “Refreshing Power Milk,” a new carbonated
milk hybrid, to the refreshments market.

Leading beverage manufacturers in this $700 billion industry are
taking the critical step to ensure purity of beverage-grade CO2
by using analytical support gases and quality assurance
services. Since ensuring purity of CO2 is such a crucial factor
in the beverage production process, choosing a specialty gas
company to provide purification, calibration, and
cross-reference services for your products should be a priority.

Keep in mind that specialty gas companies outside of the
beverage industry hold a uniquely favorable position as
authoritative and neutral third-party qualifiers. These
companies provide experience in developing trace contaminant
calibration standards as well as independence from the supply
and certification of beverage grade CO2, which helps to ensure
unbiased statistical and graphical reporting.

Regardless of the industry from which the service company
originates, it is vital that it provides specialized service in
the CO2 industry and adheres to industry standards on commercial
quality with regard to CO2.

Some more guidelines to consider when choosing a Quality Control
Specialty Gas Service: * Your CO2 supplier should provide
certification and analysis indicating compliance with commercial
quality standards, such as ISBT, the International Society of
Beverage Technologists * Your quality assurance service company
should have the resources available to create custom gas
mixtures for CO2 ingredient quality control. Typical components
include (but are not limited to) the following: Methane Ethane
Ethanol Dimethyl Ether Ethyl Acetate Methanol Ammonia Nitric
Oxide Nitrogen Dioxide Carbonyl Sulfide Acetaldehyde Benzene
Cyclohexane Ethylbenzene Diethyl Ether Toluene m-Xylene p-Xylene
o-Xylene * Preparing two sets of gas mixtures should be standard
procedure for your chosen service company, with double analysis
of each set to check for minor component stability, and
guarantee a shelf life for the components. * To further assure
accurate results, your service company should identify
inaccuracies and verify analytical processes by having
participant labs analyze blind internal audit standards. * Your
service company should furnish a report to your company’s
quality control department detailing analytical results,
including a statistical representation of the performance of
each participant laboratory. * Membership in the International
Society of Beverage Technologists (ISBT) Quality Committee,
Carbon Dioxide Subcommittee, should be maintained in order to
keep abreast of emerging analytical methods and technologies
within the beverage industry. * Top of the line service
companies will provide CO2 Cross-Referencing Services to confirm
the accuracy of critical analytical processes. These programs
provide beverage manufacturers with a reliable and objective
method of monitoring the performance of multiple laboratories
who qualify carbon dioxide used in carbonated beverages as well
as confirm ingredient quality. Cross-Referencing Service should
be considered in order to: o Achieve the highest degree of
confidence in the accuracy of analyses; o Confidentially
identify inconsistencies or other problems in analytical
processes; and o Maintain reliable and accurate intra-company
quality assurance. * Most importantly, make sure the service
company has top rate Internal CO2 Audit Standards to meet the
most demanding accuracy requirements for virtually any type of
customized mixture and that a Certificate of Accuracy is
provided for each cylinder. By choosing a Quality Control
Specialty Gas Service carefully, your company can be sure to
keep pace with the ever-expanding list of regulations — and
quite possibly gain an even larger piece of this multi-billion
dollar pie.

Leanne Merz is Director of e-Commerce and Technical Services of
Scott Specialty Gases, a leading global manufacturer of
specialty gases located in Plumsteadville, PA. More information
on the company can be found at http://www.scottgas.com.

This article is copyrighted by Scott Gases. It may not be
reproduced in whole or in part and may not be posted on other
websites, without the express written permission of the author
who may be contacted via email at
scottgas@digitalbrandexpressions.com

"Whether you boat on fresh water or on the ocean, there is a lot of marine life to observe and appreciate. We boat in the Pacific Northwest off the west coast around the islands and straits of the Pacific Ocean. The sea life here is exceptional. Following are some of our wonderful experiences."

One of the most powerful sights is that of large pods of Orca whales, or Killer whales as they are often referred to, as they migrate off the coast. Sometimes there can be several in these pods including mother whales and their babies. Orca whales are quite beautiful to see. Their black and white bodies glisten in the sunlight each time they appear near the water surface or do a breach jump. Usually the babies follow their mothers. It is quite possible to watch them for hours without getting tired.

Boaters must be careful and remain a respectable distance from the whales, as most whales are endangered. You do not want to interfere with their normal migration routes and movements. It is possible to see Orca whales up close in captivity, and they are splendid animals. But when you can actually see them in their normal environment in the ocean, it is magnificent. How fortunate we are to be able to go boating for a few days and have them entertain us along the way.

Another sea mammal that I always enjoy watching is the dolphin or the porpoise. They too can be found off the west coast. These mammals are so sleek and they can swim at very fast speeds. As they jump and slice through the surface of the water they are quite entertaining. Most people have seen dolphins in action at the various aquariums around the world. Well they do the same in the wild. They make me laugh. I think that they actually enjoy an audience!

Living in the Pacific North West, we are very aware of the salmon industry. When boating, there are many small fishing boats out with their nets during the fisheries openings for the various kinds of salmon. It is fun to watch them jump. Seals are also very good fishermen. You can be sure that when the salmon are plentiful around the mouths of the large rivers, you will see a lot of seals. They love to fish for salmon, much to the chagrin of the commercial fishermen. They can be seen swimming through the waters, or sunning themselves on large logs or rocky outcroppings along the shoreline. The bark of a seal is loud and comical to hear and they are another creature that can entertain west coast boaters.

When the salmon are running, you will find another fisherman, one with wings. There are many Bald Eagles on the west coast and they also enjoy a good salmon dinner. These are very majestic birds. Their soaring overhead is something to be marveled at. The black and white features really stand out against the sky as they glide and then swoop down for a fish.

Sea otters can sometimes be seen around large beds of kelp. In particular I have seen many when boating in our Bayliner, off the coastline from British Columbia to California. These sea creatures are very timid, so you must give them space. They love to float on their backs and eat sea urchins or play in the water, rolling over and over. Often you can see them playing in pairs. Sea otters are my husband’s favorite sea mammals. He loves to watch them play. They really are very cute. If you have watched them, I’m sure you will agree.

As well as these mammals, the coast offers wonderful creatures that attached themselves to the rocks and driftwood or coral. Sea anemones are absolutely beautiful, as are the many colored starfish. Anenomes are found in white, pale green and soft pinks with large fluffy plumes. Starfish are found in ranges of bright orange to deep purple. They can be very tiny and fragile or very large. Some measure several inches across. Sea cucumbers, barnacles, sand dollars, oysters, mussels and crabs are all found along the coastline. I love to walk on docks at marinas when the tide is out and see some of these shell fish in tiny pools of water. You can often get up quite close to see them better.

All in all we are very fortunate in this area to be able to see so many creatures. Many of which are not seen by most people around the world. They enhance our environment and our boating experiences. It is important that we remember to respect all of these creatures in their natural environments, so as not to interfere with nature’s course.

About the Author

Valerie Giles owns and operates Boats, Anchors and More http://www.boats-anchors-and-more.com a boating resource site featuring boat accessories, fishing lure manufacturers and inflatable boats. Everything you need for the boating season. The accompanying article is copyrighted. It may be reproduced only if the hyperlinks here are left intact.

What fills your car? Petrol. What fills your fax machine? Paper. Who fills the third planet from the sun? We do, meaning us!

Your probably wondering what im going on about aren’t you? I’ve got a question I want to ask you. What would you do to protect something that looks after you? If you were lying in a hospital bed, and a machine was keeping you alive, you’d want to look after it, wouldn’t you? Cause it keeps you alive. What would you say about this planet? It is keeping you alive, so why aren’t you trying to protect it?

There are simple ways to do it. Fair enough, using public transport, or recycling paper. But is your business doing it enough. Does every bit of paper that is used and thrown away recycled?

There are lots of Charities, trying to make a difference to our world. They want to see oceans cleaner, plants greener, and animals happier. Scientists come up with mathematical equations stating, we need to stop pollution otherwise our atmosphere will be destroyed.

Think about it, take a large water bomb, filled with water, stick needles into it, draw out the water, its mass will diminish. Then when it’s all gone it will be useless. This will be the same as earth. What’s worse, having more pollution blasted out from machines, our atmosphere will become weaker. Our o-zone layer shields us from the hot radiation that waits to vaporise earth. Once the o-zone layer is broken, it’s almost impossible to re-pair, once those rays penetrate our world, things will get worse. Water will vaporise, leaving us with no water, plants will die and animals, then us!

What is going through your mind right now? Do you feel enough urgency to start having a new look on life or are you just going to sit back and forget. It took one women/man to sail around the world, so millions of people taking notice of there environment can stop horrible changes from happening.

Start using energy saving light bulbs. Switch energy suppliers. There are companies that use natural power, such as wind to power houses across the UK, such as Ecotricity. Be sensible on how you use your car, conserve water.

Everyone has read articles on protecting the environment, one thing which we have to think about is our natural resources. One day we’ll zap all our oil from the planet and oil is formulated into petrol. One day you may have an accident in your home, you call the ambulance, you’re injured that you need someone to come get you. Wait, what would happen then?, because the ambulance would need petrol, therefore can’t come get you, you may die! You might say we could use solar power, then what happened if you had it in the night, you might say use a battery that gets charged and saves power. But as your thinking of this, aren’t you wondering why you’re thinking this way? Well it’s because you know that it would come to the point where we would have to use solar power to power our vehicles.

If we keep on drilling and sucking out the minerals from the earth, we’ll have nothing left to survive on, if we pollute the air, the o-zone will crack and disappear and we will slowly die. It takes simple steps in our everyday life that can start making an impact on helping this planet to stay alive.
We need blood in our bodies to stay alive, if we loose a lot of blood we die. It’s the same with our planet, I keep saying our planet, cause it’s not my planet or your planet, its everyone’s planet, and everyone’s responsibility. So if the planet looses all of its minerals and oils it will die.

Enquiring at local charities like friends of the earth or Greenpeace, ask them what you can do, ask for leaflets on how you can change your electricity bill. Enquire about energy tips and how to make a difference in your own home, all of which is free. Spend some time, showing your children what they can do, get them into routine the same as you. This problem of global warming wont get into peoples minds until it happens to them. But its happening already. Ice-caps will be melting causing flooding, destroying homes and livelihood. Killing people along the way. One day it could be on your doorstep and by not doing anything it could happen to you.

Imagine the radiation from the sun, if the ozone layer disappeared. Increases in skin cancer. You could get it, and then you’d be thinking that I should have done something to help.

There is going to be a point where were not going back at all, it will get to the stage that the o-zone layer will break and disappear and we wont be able to fix it. It’s a horrible thought but we need to get of our backsides and do something. “A tree a day – creates more our way”.

Listen to the words of the wise. If you were planning on a holiday in 3 months. And you wanted a really great holiday, you’d start saving now! So the more you save now, the more of a great holiday you’ll have. But if you left it to the last minute to save money you’d have a very bad holiday, not being able to do anything at all. The same with this planet. Starting now, we’ll have more of a chance at saving the planet, than just forgetting about it.

Some have the ideal that they live each day as is comes, fair enough, but the planet doesn’t. Its trying to look after itself. Its alive, it grows trees, provides water and minerals for all of us to live. We know the words “Don’t bite the hand that feeds us” so why are we taking big chunks out of the hand?

A planet that so eagerly gave us life, is being killed by its creations. So if volcanoes erupt and destroy towns, or water fills homes, or carbon dioxide bleaches the air, we cant blame the planet, because we’ve done it and made it happen.

Show some respect and don’t drop litter. Bins are made, so you can put rubbish in them, right? How would you like someone to come just drop all there rubbish in your bedroom? It would be smelly and messy. Believe when I say, you can make a difference. Yeah yeah you say. To climb a wall, you have to start from the bottom. Our technologies are ever growing, but we’ve got to be careful, one day all what I have said, will happen, then what will you as a single person do? You on your own cannot fix the world in one day, it’s a combined effort. I know I’m trying, so must you!!

About the Author

Desirable interest in writing articles that are deep in passion about topics I love, whether it be music, enviornment etc. What you read is what you read, what you see is what you get!. I always carry my motto in my articles of “A Smile a day attracts more your way”. One thing I enjoy is empowering people to there limit. The best way to show the world what you know is to WRITE right?

Clean Vacationing
(409 words)

Admit it. When the sun is out and you are at your favorite campsite or cottage on the lake the last thing you want to do is spend a lot of time cooking a meal. Often, when vacationing, the lure to purchase instant foods is strong. Unfortunately, these convenience foods often come over packaged usually including some type of plastic. As we can see when we come across trash in the wilderness, the plastics tend to linger the longest - other than maybe glass and metal. Nothing ruins the feel of a pristine, natural area more than a bunch of garbage. Numerous studies prove that tourists return to an area primarily for its cleanliness and greenery. In this era where the economy has come to rely more on tourism, cleaning up is truly a benefit for the community.

We soon realized that walking by these messes and complaining over such disrespect, we were behaving not much better than the polluters who left it. Now when we hike we pack a supply of plastic bags (grocery bags work well) to clean up as we go. Often we earn up to $10 in returnable bottles and cans in the process. When you take a bit of time to clean up some trash not only do you have a better trail or beach to come back to, you have helped to make it safer and nicer for the next user. This simple measure just might influence others to keep it clean, as well.

When on the water with the canoe we also clean as we go by diving for garbage below the surface using a mask and snorkel. It is amazing the finds we have from these excursions under water. One of the first times we did this, we found an expensive diving mask in about 30 feet of water – enough incentive to continue this practice! We have found antique bottles, jewelry, fishing lures and reels.

It feels very good to clear up a beach of shards of broken glass hiding just below the surface before an unwary swimmer splashes into it. It does not, however, feel as good to find a large fish hook by imbedding it in the bottom of your foot. Take heart in knowing you have done a good thing as your expletive echoes off the far mountainside. Imagine an innocent child stepping on that hook instead of you and decide if it is worth taking the time…

About the Author

– Written by Dave and Lillian Brummet based on the concept of their new book Trash Talk. The book offers useful solutions for the individual to reduce waste and better manage resources. A guide for anyone concerned about his or her impact on the environment. (http://www.sunshinecable.com/~drumit)

Have you ever used a compound microscope? Your first thought may be to answer "no" but chances are if you had Biology in high school or college that you have used a compound microscope. What do you remember about this microscope? You may remember what it looks like but can you recall how it worked? If not, this article is for you!

A compound microscope uses light to illuminate the sample or object so that you can see it with your eye. It has two lenses that are used in combination to give you a greater view of the sample or object. One lens is called the objective lens and the other is called the eyepiece lens. The one nearest the sample you are looking at is called the objective lens. This is the lens that sticks out at the bottom and is the one you can change the magnification with. The eyepiece lens is mounted in the microscope cylinder nearest your eye. The combination of these two lenses give you your magnified image and magnification abilities.

There are many uses for the compound microscope. It is an essential tool in the creation of medicines and cures for diseases. It is also used for research in the field of bacteria and other biology. The compound microscope is used to examine cells, bacteria, and other organisms. It is also widely used in teaching about the world around us in schools across the world.

Who made the first compound microscope? A Dutch spectacle maker noticed that when he put two lenses together that magnification was greatly increased. He may have been among one of the first creators but the beginning of the invention is commonly contributed to Galileo in 1610. Galileo had heard of lenses being used in combination and made an instrument with a focusing device. Anton van Leeuwenhoek, considered the father of microscopes, was working in a store that made magnifying glasses and created ways to increase the magnification by grinding smaller and more powerful lenses.

Then he began building microscopes and was among one of the first people to see bacteria and cells up close. Others have contributed to and upgraded the compound microscope to the modern version we have today. A modern compound microscope can magnify a sample or object up to two thousand times.

The compound microscope has enabled scientists to cure many diseases over the years. Without the invention of the compound microscope, many diseases such as smallpox, measles, and others would still be prevalent in our society today. Learning about cells and micro organisms using a compound microscope gives scientists the tools to cure disease and learn about the miracle of the human body.

Looking at Microscopes
http://www.microscope-reviews.com

Technology advances at such an astronomical rate that it’s hard to keep up - take advantage of these advances with some light hearted reviews of devices designed to make our life easier. Here we look at microscopes: http://www.microscopes-reviewed.com
Mike Spencer
http://www.microscope-online-reviews.com

In lieu of recent, tumultuous occurrences, people are more compelled than ever to discover the mystery of these modern-day, earth-changing events.

One day, Earth is experiencing the fourth largest earthquake in a century - a 9.0 tectonics plate shift off the coast of Sumatra, the next day - Tsunami.

A Report from NASA explains how the poles have permanently shifted by an entire inch. According to Dr. Benjamin Fong Chao, “…Any worldly event that involves the movement of mass affects the Earth’s rotation, from seasonal weather down to driving a car.” Per the findings of Doctors Chao and Gross, the North Pole has shifted by an inch in the direction of 145? East Longitude. Based on their report too, was that Earth’s oblateness (gravity field) was also decreased by a small amount.

To translate into laymen’s terms, the change in mass distribution can effect long-term global climate changes; (See here for more info) thus, the El Nino/La Nina effect is strengthened due to unusual mean sea level pressure.

The Journal of Geophysical Research published an abstract on data analysis from the Earth’s gravity field. In their profound study, results showed that Earth’s gravity field has undergone significant variations during the past 28 years alone. The largest (of these fluctuations) occurred during the 1996 - 2002 time frame. Again, we have a scenario of mass redistributions in the atmosphere and ocean in a relatively short period.

Personal research from the National Earthquake Information Center showed that between December 5, 2004 and January 5, 2005 there were over 170 earthquakes across the globe that measured over a 5.0 (on the Richter Scale).

According to the Volcano Information Center, 77 volcanoes have erupted or are experiencing ongoing eruptions since 2002 - 2004; of which, 57 began erupting during 2004 alone.

The recent California Mudslides, the torrential downpours, and extreme winter precipitation begs one to try and comprehend what exactly is occurring and why it is happening at this point in time. Once again, we return to the statement made by Dr. Benjamin Fong Chao, “…Any worldly event that involves the movement of mass affects the Earth’s rotation, from seasonal weather down to driving a car.”

Based on this analogy, we can clearly define that magnetic field composition and movement can and does affect global weather (on a broad scale). But what other effects can the magnetic field have on the planet as a whole?

Interestingly enough, I was able to retrieve different reports that may somehow involve magnetic field proponents: In February of 2004, `…over 10,000 Bramblings dropped dead in a `bird rain’ in the Eastern Province of Jiangsu - Yangzi,’ as reported in the BBC News. In addition, in November of 2004, 100s of Whales and dolphins were found stranded off the coast of Tasmania and New Zealand (Australia Broadcasting Corp ). Reporter Jocelyn Nettlefold stated, “…The weather appears to be central to the stranding cycle. Every decade or so, atmospheric changes bring cooler, sub-Antarctic waters further north…” Professor Mark Hindell further elaborated, “…there have been suggestions in the past that seismic exploration may have been associated with strandings in the US…”

In a more comprehensive Article from Progress in Physical Geography, Sudden Climate Transitions during the Quaternary, Scientists found that the `…time span of the past few million years has been punctuated by many rapid climate transitions, most of them on time scales of centuries to decades or even less…’ and `…Judging by its past behavior under both glacial and interglacial conditions, climate has a tendency to remain quite stable for most of the time and then suddenly `flip’; at least sometimes over just a few decades, due to the influence of the various triggering and feedback mechanisms…”

This, in relation to magnetic pole shifts would inevitably and theoretically explain dramatic climate transitions. Since 1990, surface waters in tropical and subtropical Atlantic Ocean regions became markedly saltier, while at the same time, much of the water column in the high altitudes of the North and South Atlantic Oceans became fresher. See Report: New Study Reports Large-scale Salinity Changes in the Oceans

My own theory is as such: Seismological Events = Polar Shifts = Climatic Changes = Global Warming = Sea Level Rise = Continued Seismological Events = etc., etc., etc. In other words, seismological events brought on by nature or manmade contraptions, is the beginning of a vicious cycle.

To further fuel the debate of greenhouse effects directly attributed by sea level rise, `Glacial Melt Alarms Scientists,’ as reported by Terry Rombeck of Journal-World, Prasad Gogineni (Kansas Univ. Researcher) stated, “…I don’t think sea-level rise is an immediate concern. You’re talking about the long term, 50 or 100 years. But the assumptions we’ve made are based on gradual increases over 100 years. What we’re seeing are dramatic increases.”

Overall, the Earth, as we know it is inconceivably changing before our eyes. It is still not too late to make our own transitions in how we proceed with this newfound knowledge. The key to scientific research and global climatic/geological phenomena is that we, as human beings, have the inevitable power to implement strategic changes that can ultimately reverse or at least slow the effects of our own ability to inhabit this Earthly plane. In so, the solution lies within us all. The only difference between mankind’s survival and mass-level extinction is whether or not we choose to use the solution.

For a metaphysical point of view on polar shifts, go to: Crawford 2000

For information on what you can do to make our world a better one, go to:
US Environmental Protection Agency
GreenPeace

Peace to all.

References:
All references are cited by clickable links in article body.

© 2005 - Earthquakes, Tsunamis, Mudslides: Extreme Events - What Do They Mean?
By C. Bailey-Lloyd
Aka. LadyCamelot
Public Relations’ Director &
Staff Writer
www.holisticjunction.com
www.mediapositiveradio.com

About the Author

C. Bailey-Lloyd/LadyCamelot is the Public Relations’ Director & Staff Writer for www.holisticjunction.com & www.mediapositiveradio.com

River Birsch Trees are fairly easy to plant because they are
fairly rugged and durable. Yet to plant or transplant them you
do need to follow some basic guidelines. Two of the best
cultivars or River Birch trees are Dura Heat and Heritage River
Birches.

All people handling seedlings and small trees need to help with
the life support of your plants. Seedlings are like fish out of
water and need care which is often overlooked between the time
the seedlings are lifted and transplanted. Improper care means
higher mortality. Do not try and reinvent the wheel. You must
protect seedling from moisture and temperature extremes, as well
as physical damage. Seedlings are living and should be handled
carefully. For a higher survival rate, treat trees carefully and
plant them immediately. I like to have a backup plan for
planting if the weather turns bad. I will sometimes switch from
lining out the seedlings to potting them up if I realize that
the soil conditions will not be right for an extended lenght of
time. If planting must be delayed a few days, keep the plants in
a cold, protected place with air circulation between the trees.
Keep the trees out of the rain and wind. To check if the trees
need water, feel the media at the roots.. If it isn’t damp,
water the trees and allow the excess water to drain. In cool,
damp weather, the biggest threat to these trees is from mold.
Try to keep out of soil seedlings moist by either restricting
water loss with a water vapor barrier or by wetting the roots at
regular intervals. While handling or planting try to reduce
temperature and air movement around the seedlings. Windy days
can dry out seedlings so consider waiting for calmer weather.
Once your soil conditions are correct OUR FREE USE PLANTERS will
make planting a snap so its will be worth waiting for good
planting conditions.

HOW TO PLANT

Ideal planting days are cool and cloudy with little or no wind.
If possible, avoid planting on warm, windy days. The soil should
be moist not wet. Care in planting is more important than speed.
Make sure the roots are never allowed to become dry. Bare root
seedlings should be carried in a waterproof bag or bucket with
plenty of moist material packed around the roots to keep them
damp. Ideally, bare root boxes should be kept refrigerated or
packed in ice or snow. Don’t freeze the trees. Competition from
weeds, grass, brush or other trees is very detrimental to
survival and growth of seedlings. Choose areas free from this
competition or clear at least a three-foot square bare spot
before planting. Seedlings should not be planted under the crown
of existing trees, or closer than 6 feet to existing brush.
Avoid areas near walnut trees. Brush aside loose organic
material such as leaves, grass, etc., from the planting spot to
expose mineral soil. If organic matter gets into the planting
hole, it can decompose and leave air spaces. Roots will dry out
when they grow into these spaces. Open up the hole, making sure
the hole is deep enough for the roots to be fully extended. If
roots are curled or bunched up, the tree will not be able to
take up water correctly, will often weaken and die, or may blow
down later due to poor root structure. Take a tree out of your
planting bag or bucket only after a hole is ready. When exposed,
the fine roots can dry out in as little as 30 seconds. Seedling
shoots and roots lose water to air, roots require more
protecting.Unlike leaves ,they do not have stomata (closeable
openings on the surface of the leaves) or any waxy coatings to
help reduce water loss. If the roots apear dry they are probably
dead. Now I know you are thinking,”I will place them in a
buckect of water and store them there until planting”. This will
not work. Submerge plants for no longer that a couple of
minutes. Placing them in water cuts them off from oxygen.
Remember to remove the container before planting a containerized
tree. A helpful hint to all those new gardeners just starting is
to remember to always plant green side up. Hold the seedling in
place in the hole, making sure the roots are straight, fully
extended and that the tree is neither too shallow or too deep in
the hole. Fill hole, allowing soil to fall in around the roots.
Tamp with hands or with your heel. Don’t crush the roots by
jumping up and down around the seedling like there is a snake
curled up around the seedling. It is delicate. Fill with more
soil, if necessary, and tamp. Tamping is important. If soil is
not firmly packed around the roots, there will be air pockets
that can dry out the roots, and the seedlings may be weakly
anchored. It is far easier to plant the tree strait up then have
the tree leaning and have to adjust the tree later. (Addition of
fertilizer and plant vitamins at the time of planting is not
generally necessary.) Take your time in planting. Proper spacing
will help you grow a more valuable crop. I have tried to get
more production from a limited area by over planting and then
thinning, but I always have had trouble in harvesting ….
digging is slower and poor quality usually results for a portion
of the crop. Avoid these tree planting errors:

Tangled roots Planting too shallow Planting too deep Air pockets
Turned up roots (this is called J rooting) Planting trees that
are not tolerant of wet soils in poorly drained areas Planting
over rocks, septic tanks and leach fields, on sand mounds

CARE OF TREES FOLLOWING PLANTING Check periodically to be sure
that brush, grass and other vegetation is kept under control by
mowing, mulching, spraying or a combination of these treatments.
Always obtain advice from a licensed pest control advisor before
using chemicals. You ag extension agency may offer courses in
application of chemicals. Monitoring the appearance of your
trees will help you to detect signs of insects, diseases or
other problems. Apperances also help sell your product. Look for
foliage turning yellow, new foliage drooping or other signs of
poor health. It is easier to take successful corrective action
if the problem is detected early.

Over watering is a common problem in irrigated plantations. You
probably won’t need to water more frequently than every 7-10
days. Give your trees a thorough, deep soak and then let the
soil dry out before the next watering. This encourages the roots
to grow down in search of water. Frequent, shallow watering
encourages root growth near the surface and the trees are more
dependent on irrigation and are less windfirm. Animals can be a
major cause of damage to young trees. Porcupines, gophers, mice,
rabbits, deer and cattle are the most frequent source of damage.
In many states you may have to call your game commission and get
their recomendations on legal methods to protect your crop. In
our state, you can get help from the Pa. Game Commission to kill
deer that are a threat to your seedlings or obtain a free fence
to keep deer away from your seedlings. Over the years we have
lost more trees to mice than any other animal. Put rat baits out
on a regular basis. Over the years we have lost more seedlings
and plants to mice than any other culprit including deer and
rabbitts combined. You an see more articles about the care of
trees plants and nursery stock at our web site
http://www.seedlingsrus.com and http://www.highlandhillfarm.com