Students Of Success

To earn your Cisco CCNA certification and pass the BSCI CCNP exam, you have to know your protocol basics like the back of your hand! To help you review these important concepts, here’s a quick look at the basics of RIPv1, RIPv2, IGRP, and EIGRP.

RIPv1: Broadcasts updates every 30 seconds to the address 255.255.255.255. RIPv1 is a classful protocol, and it does not recognize VLSM, nor does it carry subnet masking information in its routing updates. Update contains entire RIP routing table. Uses Bellman-Ford algorithm. Allows equal-cost load-balancing by default. Max hop count is 15. Does not support clear-text or MD5 authentication of routing updates. Updates carry 25 routes maximum.

RIPv2: Multicasts updates every 30 seconds to the address 224.0.0.9. RIPv2 is a classless protocol, allowing the use of subnet masks. Update contains entire RIP routing table. Uses Bellman-Ford algorithm. Allows equal-cost load-balancing by default. Max hop count is 15. Supports clear-text and MD5 authentication of routing updates. Updates carry 25 routes maximum.

IGRP: Broadcasts updates every 90 seconds to the address 255.255.255.255. IGRP is a Cisco-proprietary protocol, and is also a classful protocol and does not recognize subnet masking. Update contains entire routing table. Uses Bellman-Ford algorithm. Equal-cost load-balancing on by default; unequal-cost load-sharing can be used with the variance command. Max hop count is 100.

EIGRP: Multicasts full routing table only when an adjacency is first formed. Multicasts updates only when there is a change in the network topology, and then only advertises the change. Multicasts to 224.0.0.10 and allows the use of subnet masks. Uses DUAL routing algorithm. Unequal-cost load-sharing available with the variance command.

By mastering the basics of these protocols, you’re laying the foundation for success in the exam room and when working on production networks. Pay attention to the details and the payoff is “CCNA” and “CCNP” behind your name!

Chris Bryant, CCIE #12933, is the owner of The Bryant Advantage, home of free CCNP and CCNA tutorials, The Ultimate CCNA Study Package, and Ultimate CCNP Study Packages.

For a FREE copy of his latest e-books, “How To Pass The CCNA” and “How To Pass The CCNP”, just visit the website! You can also get FREE CCNA and CCNP exam questions every day! Pass the CCNA exam with The Bryant Advantage!

Although you won’t find “loss of job” listed in Washington state’s DUI laws, a drunk driving arrest can have a devastating impact upon your continued employment. If you need to drive to get to work, or you must drive to do your job, a DUI arrest in Washington state sets in motion two ways you can suffer due to loss of your license:

(1) administratively at the hands of the Department of Licensing

(2) by court action if you are subsequently convicted of DUI.

In Washington state, when a breath test was taken and the result was .08 or higher, the Department of Licensing will seek to administratively suspend your license even if you are not charged with the crime of DUI. In most cases you will be eligible to apply for a temporary restricted license but only after you have served thirty days of the suspension. (You must wait at least 90 days to apply for a temporary restricted license if you have refused the breath test.) Thus, if your job absolutely depends upon driving, a DUI arrest can make you unable to perform your job for a minimum of thirty days.

IF you survive the thirty days of absolute suspension, you are then eligible for a temporary restricted license which will permit you to drive to and from work for the remaining sixty days of the ninety day license suspension. Be advised that your employer must sign the tempoorary restricted license application, and some employers will fire an employee who has had a license suspension if the job involves driving a company vehicle.

An additional complication arises if your job requires you to drive company cars or if you transport potential clients in your vehicle. As a condition of granting a temporary restricted license after a DUI arrest, the Washington state Department of Licensing requires proof that an ignition interlock device is installed in your vehicle. An ignition interlock device is a breath testing machine attached to your car’s ignition that you must blow into every time you start the vehicle and also periodically while driving the vehicle.

The car won’t start if alcohol is present, and the horn will honk and lights flash if alcohol is detected while driving. The job implications of this in-car breath test device are ominous: Not many employers want ignition interlock devices installed in company cars, and few potential clients are impressed by a sales person who is required to drive an ignition interlocked vehicle. This is a disastrous situation for sales persons such as real estate agents.

Beyond this, individuals who must travel for business and then who must rent cars at destination sales locations will be unable to rent cars during the time an ignition interlock is required, thus impacting the ability to travel for business. At present, no car rental agencies are known to have ignition interlock equipped vehicles in their fleets.
All of the above applies where a license suspension was administratively imposed by the Washington State Department of Licensing. It gets worse if there is a DUI conviction, even if the driver previously had a clean record.

Even with no prior record, up to a year in jail can be imposed and if the breath test was refused, a two-year license revocation is imposed. Then, the ignition interlock requirement exists for one year after the suspension has been served.

If there is a prior DUI offense within seven years of the date of the arrest for the current incident, things get much worse if your job requires interstate travel. New Washington state DUI legislation requires such a person to obtain permission from the Department of Corrections before traveling interstate. The application process takes time and will greatly impede or even prevent interstate business travel.

There are some careers that will be jeopardized by a DUI arrest or conviction for reasons other than loss of the ability to drive. Corporate officers, public figures, sports figures or employees with security clearances or those in sensitive positions may find, if the matter comes to the attention of the media, that the impact of the resultant adverse publicity is more damaging to the career than the actual “legal” consequences of a DUI. The author of this article has represented individuals so situated. Such cases must be defended well and handled carefully, with the objective of preserving the career while minimizing potential legal consequences.

Jon Scott Fox is a partner in the Bellevue, Washington firm of Fox Bowman Duarte. With over eighty years combined legal experience, this firm has gained a national reputation for excellence in DUI defense. Mr. Fox has over twenty-three years defending DUI charges and is the author of Washington’s first webpage on the subject:
DUIdefense.

I learned on one of the news channels that there were problems ahead created by HD television for television performers with warts, moles, or other skin blemishes. Demi Moore was mentioned. I suppose that meant that if they show a Demi Moore movie with HD television she might show a blemish sending her zillion fans a running.

Demi has spent some time here in Idaho (having investments here and a failed marriage). From what I hear first hand, she is absolutely stunning even under close scrutiny when she dances in that joint up in Sun Valley. Do you really think her fans will care?

The shop owners in Ketchum can hardly wait for her to come into their stores to buy a button (which she collects), or a claw hammer. The men merchants are all in love with her. I don’t think she has any HD problems. One said to me, “She’s my little sweatheart.” He said it like he believed it and that it was true. (That can’t be true. Demi wouldn’t do that to me, would she? I wish she’d stay away from that kid!)

Whoever thinks that Hollywood can’t hide a Demi Moore blemish thinks that Kangaroos thrive in the mountains of Greenland.

A television ad flashes a toad on my old television screen. First, the toad had no color. Then they show me what it would be like if I just had a HD television set. It is gorgeous; just full of color. I ask my wife, “If that toad appears like that on my old television, why do I need HD television?”

“You don’t!” is what she said.

I explained to my wife that it would make a difference if we had a 50-inch television set. I told her they had a nice one on sale down at Costco®.

She said, “Just pull your chair up closer. Same difference!”

How do you argue with such logic?

My dad use to say when television came out, “I’m going to wait until they get it perfected.” We had no television at out house. Sometime after the Korean War he bought one obviously long before it was perfected and long after we kids were gone.

We have three televisions in our home and if you can find anything worthwhile to watch other than The Daily Show staring Jon Stewart, I’ll give you all three of them.

Of course, I’m just kidding.

We must have our televisions to watch Antique Road Show, Outdoor Idaho, Lawrence Welk, Red Green, Are You Being Served, Last of the Summer Wine and anything British, scientific, historic or truly funny.

That pretty well excludes anything made on a Hollywood sound stage after the Vietnam War (which made everything pretty darned unfunny).

For financial reasons I have decided to follow my Dad’s advice and wait for HD television to get perfected. That will be when Michael Dell announces to me that he has brought the price of a 50-inch model down from a zillion dollars to $395.00.

I can wait, Mike!

Copyright©John T. Jones, Ph.D.2005

John T. Jones, Ph.D. (tjbooks@hotmail.com)is a retired R&D engineer and VP of a Fortune 500 company. He is author of detective & western novels, nonfiction (business, scientific, engineering), poetry, etc. Former editor of international trade magazine. Jones is Executive Representative of International Wealth Success.

More info: http://www.tjbooks.com

Business web site: http://www.bookfindhelp.com (IWS wealth-success books and kits and business newsletters / TopFlight flagpoles)

If you are looking for that perfect gift to give any woman for any special occasion, then you need to have a Coach purse. This is the best surprise that would make any girl smile. There are so many different styles and designs for these great items. You can find one to match any personality and style. There are no other handbags that will match up to their style and excitement.

There are so many styles of these neat designer purses to choose from. You can get any color, any style, and any size that you want. There are so many fun colors and looks to match your everyday style that you have. It is so much fun to choose a purse that matches your outfit as well.

A coach purse would be a great way to show a special someone how much you love them. They will not only the love idea of having a brand name purse, but also love the idea of having a beautiful purse that will last them a long time.

They will love getting all of the compliments that they will receive from their friends and family. You will get a standing ovation if you decide to give someone that you love a Coach purse. They are going to cherish this great and thoughtful gift as well as love that you gave it to them. Anyone that gets a Coach purse as a present is going to be considered a very lucky person.

If you want to purchase one of the wonderful looks of a coach purse, you can shop online for all of your designer handbag needs. So many great shopping sites offer these awesome purses for you to choose from. The purses are not expensive and you may even be able to afford more than one. You can get a purse to go with all of your outfits for a lot less than just one designer handbag from anywhere else.

Not only are there great coach purses to choose from, you can also get matching wallets for your designer needs. You will be able to complete your look for any great outfit with a great coach purse and wallet. When you go out on the town, you will be noticed and recognized because of your catchy style and of course you good taste in handbags.
There is no other brand of purse that will give you as much enjoyment and quality from. You are going to appreciate the style and the price of all of the wonderful handbags that you can get from any coach outlet store or bargain shop. You are not going to find a better assortment of purses than those of with the Coach name.

Agust Hauksson is a regular contributor of articles to many online publications. Find more great information at: http://www.coachpurse.net and http://www.coach-handbag.org